Essay Urbanization

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An Urban Agglomeration must consist of at least a statutory town and its total population (i.e.

all the constituents put together) should not be less than 20,000 as per the 2001 Census.

Forth plan (1969-74), continued with the theme of third plan and development plans for 72 urban areas were undertaken.

Regional studies in respect of metropolitan regions around Delhi, Mumbai and Calcutta were initiated.

The sixth five year (1978-83) plan stressed the need to develop small and medium sized towns (less than 1 lakh), and a scheme of Integrated development of Small and Medium towns(IDSMT) was launched in 1979 by central government.

The National commission on urbanization submitted its report in 1988 and 65th constitutional amendment was introduced in Lok Sabha in 1989, this was first attempt to give urban local bodies a constitutional status with three tier federal structure.

The census of India, 2011 defines urban settlement as :-The first category of urban units are known as Statutory town.

These town are notified under law by respective State/UT government and have local bodies like municipal corporation, municipality, etc, irrespective of demographic characteristics.

A new program called Swarna jayanti Shahari Rozgar yojna (SJSRY) in 1997 with two sub plan– 1. It was decided by central government to revamp SJSRY in 2013 as National urban Livelihood Mission (NULM).

The Tenth plan(2002-07) recognized the fact that urbanization played a key role in accelerating the economic growth in 1980s and 1990s as a result of the economic liberalization and also stressed that without strengthening the urban local bodies, the goal of urbanization cannot be achieved.